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Pain

Pain results from diverse pathological situations at different anatomical sites.  Causes of pain include cancer, inflammation or tissue injury, and injury or lesions of the nervous system. Diverse chronic widespread pain syndromes may also occur owing to abnormal amplification states in the central nervous system.  All of these can lead through abnormal activity in nociceptive systems, to pain in the absence of a stimulus (spontaneous pain), exaggerated responses to noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia) and pain evoked by normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia).

Further reading

Costigan (2009) Neuropathic pain: a maladaptive response of the nervous system to damage. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 32 1 PMID: 19400724

Alles and Smith (2018) Etiology and Pharmacology of Neuropathic Pain. Pharmacol Rev. 70(2)315 PMID: 29500312

Raja et al (2020 The revised International Association for the Study of Pain definition of pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises, PAIN 161(9) 1976 PMID: 32694387

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